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The Pantry: SUBSTITUTES  - flavorings

When you run out of something, what do you do ? The solution is to substitute an ingredient called for in a recipe with another one, but be careful because it doesn't always work. More 

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CHOCOLATE & COCOA

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DAIRY

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EGGS

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FATS

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FLAVORINGS

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FLOUR & GRAINS

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FRUIT, CITRUS & PUREES

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LEAVENERS

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SWEETENERS

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THICKENERS

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OTHER (Cream of tartar, etc.)

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Vegan

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Other Food

FOR: SUBSTITUTE WITH:
Allspice (2 teaspoons) Resembles a combination of cloves, cinnamon and nutmeg. Use 1 teaspoon  cinnamon, 1/2 teaspoon nutmeg and 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves. If you don't have them all on hand, try any one of them. 
Anise seed A few drops of anise extract; Fennel, dill, cumin or caraway.
Apple pie spice (1 teaspoon) 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon plus 1/4 teaspoon ground nutmeg, 1/8 teaspoon ground allspice, and dash ground ginger or 4 parts cinnamon + 2 parts nutmeg + 1 part cardamom, all ground 
Basil Tarragon or summer savory.
Bay Leaf Thyme
Caraway Fennel or cumin
Cardamom Cinnamon or mace 
Cinnamon  Allspice or cardamom
Cloves Allspice, nutmeg or mace
Cumin 1/3 anise + 2/3 caraway, or use fennel.
Curry Powder Combine and use amount called for 2 tablespoons each coriander, black pepper, cumin, red pepper, turmeric, and 1 ¼ teaspoons ground ginger. Or, use a combination of allspice, cinnamon, fennel, garlic, mace and adjust to taste.
Gingerroot (1 tablespoon) 1/8 teaspoon powdered ginger
Herbs, fresh (1 tablespoon) 1 teaspoon dried
Lemon Juice (1 teaspoon) 1/2 teaspoon white wine vinegar, not another citrus juice 
Lemon, Orange or Lime Peel or Zest 1/8 - 1/4 teaspoon flavored Citrus or Candy Oils PER recipe. Key limes do not zest well--use the peel from the regular one, instead
Mace Allspice, cloves, nutmeg or nutmeg + cardamom

Key Lime Juice

Use equal amounts of fresh lime juice or bottled (which I don't like). Choose limes from the grocery store, preferably Tahiti or Persian varieties.
Nutmeg, Fresh Allspice, cloves or mace.
Pumpkin pie
spice (1 teaspoon)
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ginger, 1/8 teaspoon allspice & 1/8 teaspoon nutmeg
Salt, Sea  Use regular table salt, 1 for 1 
Salt, Kosher If you want to use kosher salt for table salt, multiply the table salt quantity by 1.5.
bullet1 teaspoon table salt = 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt
bullet1 1/2 teaspoon table salt = 2 1/4 teaspoons kosher salt
bullet2 teaspoons table salt = 3 teaspoons kosher salt

If you want to use table salt for kosher salt, multiply the kosher salt quantity by 2/3

bullet1 teaspoon kosher salt = 2/3 teaspoon table salt
bullet1 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt = 1 teaspoon table salt
bullet2 teaspoon kosher salt = 1 1/3 teaspoon table salt
Sesame Seeds Finely chopped almonds
Vanilla Extract 1 tablespoon vanilla extract equals (approximately) one, 2-inch piece of vanilla bean 
 

ALCOHOL ALTERNATIVES:

Grand Marnier or other orange-flavored liqueur (2 tablespoons) 2 tablespoons orange juice and 1/2 teaspoon orange extract or 2 tablespoons unsweetened orange juice concentrate
Rum or Brandy (2 tablespoons) 1/2 to 1 teaspoon rum or brandy extract or 2 tablespoons water, white grape juice or apple juice
Amaretto or other almond-flavored liqueur 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon almond extract
Bourbon (2 tablespoons) 1 to 2 teaspoons vanilla extract
Sherry (2 tablespoons) 1 to 2 teaspoons vanilla extract or 2 tablespoons orange or pineapple juice
Kahlua or other coffee- or chocolate-flavored liqueur (2 tablespoons) 1/2 to 1 teaspoon chocolate extract plus 1/2 to 1 teaspoon instant (espresso) coffee in 2 tablespoons water
Port, sweet sherry, rum, brandy or fruit-flavored liqueur (1/4 cup) Equal measure of unsweetened orange juice or apple juice plus 1 teaspoon of corresponding flavored extract or vanilla extract
White wine (1/4 cup or more) Equal measure of white grape juice, chicken broth, vegetable broth, clam juice or nonalcoholic wine. If you use nonalcoholic wine, add a tablespoon of vinegar to cut the sweetness. (Consider the recipe and which of these would taste better with it).
Red wine (1/4 cup or more) Equal measure of red grape juice, cranberry juice, apple cider, chicken broth, beef broth, vegetable broth, clam juice, flavored vinegar or nonalcoholic wine. If you use nonalcoholic wine, add a tablespoon of vinegar to cut the sweetness. (Consider the recipe and which of these would taste better with it).
Orange Flower Water If you can't find orange flower water and need it for a recipe, chop orange peel (I grate mine) and soak for 24 hours in sweet white wine. Strain before using wine.
Rose Water If you can't find rose scented water for a recipe, make your own. Take 2 cups edible, pesticide free rose petals with the white ends snipped off and 2 cups water. Bring the water to a boil and pour over the petals. Cover and seal with plastic wrap to allow the essence of the petals to fuse with the water (about 45 minutes to an hour). Strain the mixture with a coffee filter colander or cheesecloth colander. Use the water to flavor ice tea or pour over fruit salad. Makes about a cup or more.
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